Objectives:
        In its widest context biomedical engineering involves the application of engineering concepts to problems dealing with the biological or medical sciences. However, to a major extent most biomedical engineering projects involve the modelling and measurement of some aspect of human (or animal) function. This course intends to develop an understanding of the fundamental concepts of biomedical engineering through the review of the basic functioning aspects of several major physiological systems, through the analysis of models used to represent these systems and through a study of techniques used to measure pertinent parameters of these systems. In addition, a number of the current, clinically used medical imaging techniques will be covered.

Outline:

Introduction:

Course objectives, grading, projects

Biomedical Engineering Background

Definitions:
        biomedical engineering and bioengineering
        clinical engineering and rehabilitation engineering

Instrumentation - Measurement Principles:

Instrumemtation and measurement
        - transducers - active and passive
        - instrumentation amplifiers, filters
        - A/D and D/A conversion, sampling theory

Objectives of a measurement system

Parameters of a measurment system

Man-Instrument system

Problems with measuring living system parameters

Physiological systems of the body - parameters of interest

Physiology of Excitable Cells and the Origin of Biopotentials:

Membrane concept

Resting membrane potential and the action potential

Propagation of the action potentials

Biopotential Electrodes:

Electrode theory

Biopotential electrodes

Biochemical transducers

Skeletal Neuromuscular System:

Structure, Organization and Control

Measurements
                EMG: Kinesiologic and Clinical Uses
                Neurography
                Conduction velocities
                Muscle fatigue
                Reflexes

Central Nervous System:

Structure and organization

Measurements:

    EEG

     Evoked (Event Related) Potentials

     Magnetic stimulation

Cardiovascular System:

Physiology and Models

Measurements:

    ECG

    Blood flow - and cardiac output

    Blood pressure

    Plethesmography

    Heart sounds

Pacemakers

Defibrillators

Medical Imaging:

X-rays

Principles

Applications

CAT Scans

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

Principles

Applications

Grading:

	Assignments	25 %
	Project	35 %
	Final	40 %